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Finger, Hand, and Wrist Injuries

Overview

At one time or another, everyone has had a minor injury to a finger, hand, or wrist that caused pain or swelling. Most of the time our body movements don't cause problems. But sometimes symptoms can develop from everyday wear and tear, overuse, or an injury.

Finger, hand, or wrist injuries most often occur during:

  • Sports or recreational activities.
  • Work-related tasks.
  • Work or projects around the home. This is most likely if machinery is used, such as lawn mowers, snow blowers, or hand tools.
  • Accidental falls.
  • Fistfights.

The risk of finger, hand, or wrist injury is higher in contact sports, such as wrestling, football, or soccer. The risk is also higher in high-speed sports, such as biking, in-line skating, skiing, snowboarding, and skateboarding. Sports that require weight-bearing on the hands and arms, such as gymnastics, can increase the risk for injury. Sports that use hand equipment such as ski poles, hockey or lacrosse sticks, or racquets also increase the risk of injury.

In children, most finger, hand, or wrist injuries occur during sports or play or from accidental falls. Any injury that occurs at the end of a long bone near a joint may injure the growth plate (physis). It needs to be checked by a doctor.

Older adults are at higher risk for injuries and fractures. That's because they lose muscle mass and bone strength as they age. They also have more problems with vision and balance, which increases their risk of accidental injury.

Most minor injuries will heal on their own. Home treatment is usually all that's needed to relieve symptoms and help you heal.

Sudden (acute) injury

An acute injury may occur from a direct blow, a penetrating injury, or a fall. Or it can happen when you twist, jerk, jam, or bend a limb in a way that isn't normal. Pain may be sudden and severe. Bruising and swelling may occur soon after the injury. Acute injuries include:

  • BruisesBruises. After a wrist or hand injury, bruisingbruising may extend to the fingers from the effects of gravity.
  • Injuries to ligamentsligaments, such as a skier's thumbskier's thumb injury.
  • Injuries to tendonstendons, such as mallet fingermallet finger.
  • Injuries to joints (sprainssprains).
  • Pulled muscles (strainsstrains).
  • Broken bones (fracturesfractures), such as a wrist fracturewrist fracture.
  • DislocationsDislocations.
  • Crushing injury, which can lead to compartment syndromecompartment syndrome.

Overuse injuries

Overuse injuries occur when too much stress is placed on a joint or other tissue. This can happen when you overdo an activity or repeat an activity over and over. These injuries include:

  • Carpal tunnel syndromeCarpal tunnel syndrome. This is caused by pressure on a nerve (median nervemedian nerve) in the wrist. The symptoms include tingling, numbness, weakness, or pain of the fingers and hand.
  • Tendon painTendon pain. This is actually a symptom of tendinosis, a series of very small tears (microtears) in the tissue in or around the tendontendon. Besides pain and tenderness, common symptoms include decreased strength and movement in the affected area.
  • De Quervain's tenosynovitisDe Quervain's tenosynovitis. This can occur in the hand and wrist when tendons and the tendon covering (sheath) on the thumb side of the wrist swell and cause pain.

Treatment

Treatment for a finger, hand, or wrist injury may include first aid, medicine, and "buddy-taping" for support. It also may include a brace, splint, or cast and physical therapy. In some cases, surgery is needed. Treatment depends on:

  • The location and type of injury, and how bad it is.
  • How long ago the injury occurred.
  • Your age, health condition, and activities (such as work, sports, or hobbies).
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Current as of: July 31, 2024

Author: Ignite Healthwise, LLC StaffIgnite Healthwise, LLC Staff

Clinical Review BoardClinical Review Board
All Ignite Healthwise, LLC education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals.

This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Ignite Healthwise, LLC, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of UseTerms of Use. Learn how we develop our contenthow we develop our content.

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